By Judy Kunz, Colorado Master Gardener

The Pruner Dilemma: Bypass vs. Anvil

Efficient pruners are a necessity in the yard and garden. But sometimes pruning cuts can have the potential to injure any plant, possibly resulting in longer recovery. It is helpful to choose the best tool for the job. There are two basic types, and their differences are subtle.

Bypass pruners are, by far, the most popular type of hand pruning tool. They have a curved, overlapping blade that uses a scissor-like motion. They are ideal for pruning thin or tender vegetative stems. However, when making a cut, bypass pruners can sometimes tear the cambium (outer stem layer). This wounds the stem and requires a second clean-up cut. In addition, the curved blade can be a little more difficult to sharpen.

Anvil pruners have more of a crushing effect on tender stems and branches, especially if the blades are dull. But they can also make pruning thick, woody stems easier. Their bulky anatomy can make it more difficult to closely trim a stem. While they may occasionally jam, the straight-edged cutting blade is somewhat easier to sharpen than a bypass blade. Also, any anvil pruner can be used with both the right or left hand.

In spite of their differences, either type is likely to do a satisfactory job if well maintained. Select a tool that is made with high quality steel, and keep it sharp and ready to do the job. A simple carbide sharpening tool, available at garden centers and big box stores, is a must-have for keeping gardening equipment in top condition.

Bypass or anvil? Maybe having one of each in your garden tool supply is the way to go.

For an ongoing University of Florida study of the two types of hand pruners see: https://blogs.ifas.ufl.edu/hillsboroughco/2025/03/24/anvil-pruners-vs-bypass-pruners-which-are-better-part-2/